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How to convert a trash can into a composter

What is compost? It's organic matter - garden, lawn and kitchen waste - broken down by bacteria and fungi.

Exactly what waste can be used? Grass clippings, fall leaves, weeds without seed heads, vegetable and fruit peelings, coffee grounds, tea bags, eggshells. Do not use meat or fat because they attract unwanted animals, or perennial roots that may become established in unwanted places.

What makes a good compost container? Compost can be created by layering material in a pile, or it can produced in one of the commercially made backyard composters. You can construct your own compost bin from concrete blocks or chicken wire, building the container so you have room to turn the material and have good air circulation. Before purchasing a commercially made one, make sure it's easy to assemble and operate, especially since you need to turn compost often.

What makes good compost?

You need:

  • Microorganisms: a few good shovels of rich garden soil will yield these.
  • Moisture: Pile should have moisture of a well-squeezed sponge; add water as needed.
  • Carbon/nitrogen ratio: A mixture of dry leaves or sawdust combined with manure, green plants or fertilizer for nitrogen.
  • Oxygen: Turning the pile adds oxygen and promotes decay. Turn the pile often to speed up decomposition and to keep the pile from smelling bad.
  • Particle size: Smaller particles break down faster, giving you compost in a shorter time. To speed the process, shred leaves and other materials.

When is compost ready? When it's dark and easy to crumble like chocolate cake.

Source: Virginia Cooperative Extension

CONVERT A TRASH CAN INTO A COMPOSTER

  1. Thoroughly wash and clean trash can.
       
  2. Align, mark and drill holes that will be used to strap the trash can lid shut.  For a strap, use a bungee-type (rubber) cord.  This is an important step as the lid will need to be securely closed when your mix its contents.
       
  3. Drill 1/2-inch holes in the sides and bottom of the trash can.
        
  4. Elevate can on bricks or blocks so that air can circulate beneath it.

Only fill your composter three-fourths full so there is room for mixing.  Each week, turn it on its side and roll it around a few times to mix the contents.  After mixing, return to upright position.

Source:   Roanoke Master Gardeners

Aug. 1998

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